All tools

Modular Arithmetic Calculator

Modulo, modular exponentiation, and inverse.

Result
2
17 mod 5

Uses BigInt so it handles arbitrarily large numbers. Exponentiation runs square-and-multiply, inverse uses the extended Euclidean algorithm.

About

Compute a mod n, (a^b) mod n efficiently, and the modular inverse of a mod n (if it exists). Used in cryptography, hashing, and number theory.

How to use

  1. Pick the operation.
  2. Enter the inputs.
  3. See the result.

FAQ

When does the modular inverse not exist?+

The inverse of a mod n exists only if gcd(a, n) = 1. If they share a factor, no inverse.

Why use modular exponentiation?+

Computing 2^1000 mod 17 directly overflows. The fast modular exponentiation algorithm keeps numbers small the whole way.